AGP Executive Report

El Obeid Hunger & Siege: WFP says hunger is deepening for 100,000+ displaced inside El Obeid as funding gaps force reduced rations and families share food to survive, with UN warnings of civilians under siege and drone strikes. EU Gold Sanctions: The EU moved to choke Sudan’s war financing by banning purchase/import/transfer of Sudanese gold and restricting mercury and cyanide exports tied to extraction. G7 Pressure on El Obeid: G7 foreign ministers urged an immediate halt to attacks and backed a wider arms embargo while calling for aid access and civilian protection. Loan Shark Crackdown (Not Sudan): A separate story: Nepal’s government and loan-sharking victims reached a nine-point deal and suspended protests. ICC Under Fire: US policy to “dismantle” the International Criminal Court drew broad backlash, including calls to protect international justice—relevant as Sudan atrocity cases remain in focus. Gen. Moses Ali Health: Uganda’s Gen. (Rtd) Moses Ali remains hospitalized at Nakasero amid family concern and public speculation.

Sudan War Economy Under Pressure: The UN human rights office says looted gold and gum arabic are helping sustain the fighting, with gum arabic shipments and gold sales feeding both the SAF and RSF and exposing civilians to threats, detention, and extortion. UK Sanctions on Gold Networks: The UK has imposed sanctions targeting people and entities accused of financing Sudan’s war through gold procurement and trade networks in hubs including Dubai and Hong Kong, including state-linked mining firms. EU Gold Import Ban: The EU moved to curb war financing by banning imports of Sudanese gold. G7 Escalation Warning for El-Obeid: G7 foreign ministers urged an immediate halt to attacks around El-Obeid, demanded safe humanitarian access, and backed expanding the Darfur arms embargo across Sudan. Diplomatic and Legal Pressure: Pakistan condemned RSF atrocities in Darfur and warned that any offensive toward El Obeid could trigger further international crimes. Khartoum Mining Diversification: Sudan launched a geological survey to update its mineral map and reduce reliance on gold by expanding into other industrial and energy minerals.

UN Human Rights: A new OHCHR report says looted Sudanese gold and gum arabic are bankrolling the SAF and RSF, with gum arabic and gold sales described as a major revenue source that helps sustain the war and fuels abuses across supply chains. EU/UK Sanctions: The EU has banned Sudanese gold imports and also restricted exports of mercury and cyanide to curb conflict financing, while the UK announced sanctions on 11 individuals and firms tied to illicit gold procurement and finance networks linked to both sides. Humanitarian Pressure (El Obeid): MSF says drone strikes near El Obeid are worsening access to water and lifesaving care, as the city hosts large numbers of displaced people. ICC Update: The ICC deputy prosecutor says progress has been made in investigations into El Geneina and El Fasher, urging the surrender of remaining fugitives and calling for action to prevent repeat atrocities. Economy/FX: A report highlights a renewed surge in the dollar against the Sudanese pound and says Central Bank measures are acting like temporary fixes rather than structural reform. Mining Diversification: Sudan launched a geological survey in Atbara to update its mineral map and reduce reliance on gold by expanding industrial and energy minerals. Crime in the North: Eight people were killed in clashes between rival criminal gangs in Al Dabah, prompting a renewed arms-carrying ban and police reinforcements. Food Aid: The US pledged over $24m to WFP for Sudanese refugees in Egypt, supporting food assistance for more than 150,000 people.

EU Sanctions on Sudan’s Gold: The EU has banned the purchase, import, and transfer of Sudanese gold to cut off a key war revenue stream, and also barred exports of mining chemicals like mercury and cyanide used in gold extraction. UN “War Economy” Warning: A UN Human Rights Office report says Sudan’s conflict is being sustained by an “increasingly self-perpetuating” war economy, with warring parties profiting from control of territory, trade routes, and commodities—spotlighting gum arabic’s role in global supply chains. Gum Arabic Under Scrutiny: The UN report urges states and companies tied to gum arabic to follow international law, warning that the trade helps keep fighting going and creates serious human rights risks. G7 Pressure on El-Obeid: G7 foreign ministers called for an immediate halt to atrocities and hostilities in Sudan, urging wider arms embargo steps and demanding humanitarian access. US Contractor Links to RSF Routes: A Reuters investigation says aircraft operated by companies linked to a long-time US military contractor flew routes connected to Sudan’s RSF, though it found no sanctions violations. Humanitarian Fallout in Egypt: The US is funding WFP food assistance in Egypt for more than 150,000 Sudanese refugees and crisis-affected people, aiming to restore reduced aid levels. Water Crisis in Omdurman: In El Salha south of Omdurman, families face a second week of water shortages after the Nile receded and pumps were left stranded, forcing costly barrel purchases and reliance on brackish wells.

G7 Diplomacy: G7 foreign ministers urged Sudan’s SAF and RSF to stop attacks and protect civilians in El-Obeid, calling for unhindered humanitarian access and a wider UN arms embargo across Sudan. UN Human Rights Warning: The UN says Sudan’s “war economy” is sustaining the conflict, with revenues tied to commodities and trade routes, and warns gum arabic supply chains are linked to abuses. EU Sanctions on Gold: The EU moved to ban purchase, import and transfer of Sudanese gold and restrict mining chemicals, aiming to cut conflict financing. Sanctions Escalation: A growing sanctions push is also targeting external support networks, with reports of UAE officials being referred to the ICC over alleged Sudan atrocities. Hunger Alarm: The World Food Programme warns Sudan faces catastrophic hunger levels as conflict, aid cuts and rising farming costs threaten famine gains. Court Ruling on Hemedti: Questions remain after Sudan’s death sentence for RSF leader Hemedti, with enforceability uncertain amid ongoing fighting. Local Governance Friction: In Nepal, a home minister’s delayed talks with loan-sharking victims drew criticism—an unrelated but notable governance accountability story.

Sudan War Economy: The UN human rights office says Sudan’s “war economy” is becoming self-perpetuating as the army and RSF exploit territory, trade routes and commodities to fund fighting, with gum arabic highlighted as a key case. Gum Arabic Trade Pressure: A separate UN report warns that profits from Sudan’s gum arabic sector help sustain the civil war, citing smuggling from RSF-held areas and risks to workers’ safety. US Peace Push: The US unveiled a five-point plan calling for a humanitarian truce, protection of civilians, a path to a permanent ceasefire, a civilian-led political dialogue, and reconstruction—while urging both sides to accept it without preconditions. G7 on El-Obeid: G7 foreign ministers urged an immediate halt to actions that could lead to further atrocities in El-Obeid, backed UN de-escalation, and called for expanding the Darfur arms embargo. EU Gold Sanctions: The EU moved to ban purchase, import and transfer of Sudanese gold and restrict mercury and cyanide exports used in mining, aiming to cut conflict financing. Court Verdict in Darfur: A Sudanese court sentenced RSF leader Hemedti and 15 others to death in absentia over Darfur atrocities, including attacks on civilians and looting. Immunisation Funding Warning: WHO and UNICEF warned that funding gaps could reverse immunisation gains, with 13.5 million children still missing all routine vaccines—Sudan noted among fragile conflict-affected settings.

EU Sanctions on Sudan’s Gold: The EU has banned the purchase, import and transfer of Sudanese gold and also restricted exports of mercury and cyanide used in mining, aiming to choke off war financing as hunger worsens and millions face acute food insecurity. El-Obeid Under Pressure: G7 foreign ministers urged parties to guarantee safe passage for civilians and unhindered humanitarian access to besieged El-Obeid, warning of alleged serious violations and calling for immediate steps to halt atrocities. Death Sentences for RSF Leaders: A Sudan court in Port Sudan handed down death sentences for RSF leaders including Hemedti over the El Geneina attack and related killings, reigniting debate over whether wartime courts deliver justice or become political leverage. Food Crisis Warning: FEWS NET says up to 23 million people may face acute food insecurity in 2026, with emergency conditions likely to expand and famine risk rising if sieges and fighting intensify. US Ceasefire Talks: A US proposal for a humanitarian truce drew mixed reactions after reports of conditional SAF approval, but US officials stressed key issues remain unresolved and any deal would be formally announced.

EU Sanctions on Sudan Gold: The EU has banned the purchase, import and transfer of Sudanese gold and restricted exports of mercury and cyanide, aiming to cut off war financing tied to the SAF-RSF conflict, with humanitarian exemptions. Court Sentences Hemedti to Death: Sudan’s anti-terrorism court in Port Sudan sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo “Hemedti” to death in absentia over genocide and other crimes in West Darfur, alongside other senior RSF figures. Peace Talks Clarification: The US pushed back on claims of broad agreement on a proposed Sudan peace plan, saying multiple issues remain unaccepted or rejected and negotiations are still unresolved. Jordan-Sudan Business Push: Jordan and Sudan discussed expanding investment and reconstruction cooperation, with Jordan’s private sector urging trade links, a business council revival, and sector priorities. Regional Power Play Analysis: Reporting highlights how the Horn of Africa is increasingly central to Middle East strategy, with Sudan’s war showing how external competition can deepen instability.

ICC Pressure on Washington: US Secretary of State Marco Rubio launched a campaign to dismantle the International Criminal Court, warning the US will “teach the ICC” the “full meaning of American resolve,” while critics say it’s a bid for impunity. Sudan Court Sentences RSF Leaders: A Sudanese court sentenced RSF leader Hemedti and other commanders to death in absentia over atrocities tied to El Geneina and West Darfur, with legal experts calling it “selective justice.” EU Targets Sudan’s War-Funding Gold: The EU announced a ban on importing Sudanese gold and restrictions on exporting mercury and cyanide to Sudan, aiming to cut financing for the SAF–RSF conflict. El Obeid Under Siege: UN-linked reporting warns El Obeid is becoming a major test of atrocity prevention as strikes hit water, power and medical services, raising fears of a repeat of El Fasher and El Geneina. Humanitarian Alarm: The UN raised alarm over a sharp rise in human rights abuses and cholera-related deaths, citing insecurity, displacement and aid access barriers. Agriculture Push: Sudan launched a 3 trillion-pound agricultural finance plan for the 2026 season, including insurance support and cooperatives to help farmers amid conflict-driven shortages.

Sudan’s RSF prisons: Sudan’s National Human Rights Commission says it documented 6,000 detention cases in RSF-run prisons in El Fasher and warns of widespread abuses as the war deepens. War crimes sentencing: Sudan’s Anti-Terrorism Court sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (“Hemedti”) to death in absentia for genocide and crimes against humanity, alongside other defendants, tied to atrocities in western Darfur. Army-RSF battlefield push: Reports say Sudan’s Army is pressing for full RSF withdrawal from cities under a US-backed plan, with documents indicating the Army’s conditions. Political engineering claims: A leaked directive alleges Major General al-Burhan ordered work on a five-year military rule plan and a new political “strategic vision,” aiming to reshape Sudan’s transitional institutions. Humanitarian pressure: UN-linked reporting highlights Sudan’s aid crisis and accountability failures as civilians face escalating violence and displacement.

Human Rights in Darfur: Sudan’s state National Human Rights Commission says it documented 6,000 detention cases in RSF-run prisons in El Fasher, North Darfur, citing impunity and abuses including violence against women and children. War and Civilians: The RSF capture of El Fasher in late 2025 is linked to massacres and attacks on civilian infrastructure, with the report also alleging widespread destruction of health institutions and restrictions on freedom of movement. Regional Diplomacy: Former Sudanese PM Abdalla Hamdok warns that Africa’s peace mediation “templates” may no longer fit today’s conflicts, arguing the international order that shaped earlier approaches has shifted. Sudan’s Health Crisis: WHO reporting highlights that cholera risks in western Sudan could worsen due to conflict and rains, with deaths already recorded amid a fragile system. Accountability Pressure: UN and rights groups continue pushing for action over alleged RSF atrocities, including calls for investigations and consequences for violations.

Sudan-India Trade: Sudan is pushing to deepen business ties with India in pharmaceuticals and healthcare as it rebuilds after its civil war, with Indian medicines already making up more than half of Sudan’s total pharmaceutical imports, according to Sudan’s ambassador to India, Mohammed Abdalla Ali Eltom, who spoke after a roundtable with Indian pharma firms and Sudan’s regulator. Gulf Politics Spillover: A separate report says Saudi banks have been blocking or delaying payments to UAE accounts since May, pointing to a widening Saudi-UAE rift tied to rivalries including Yemen and Sudan. Regional Diplomacy: Egypt and Türkiye urged de-escalation and renewed efforts to restore US-Iran negotiations, while also discussing regional developments including Sudan. International Justice: An ICC judge, Solomy Balungi Bossa, defended international justice work and criticized how US policy treats investigators as “terrorists and drug peddlers.”

Chemical Weapons Pressure: The US demanded immediate OPCW inspections after concluding Sudan’s military used chemical weapons in 2024, warning of consequences and urging a full declaration and unrestricted access. RSF Withdrawal Talks: Sudan’s army reiterated it wants the full RSF pullback from captured cities under a US-backed plan, as fighting and siege fears grow around key towns. El Obeid Humanitarian Alarm: WHO warned a new cholera outbreak in western Sudan (Darfur/Kordofan) has already caused at least 114 deaths and 1,330 cases, with conflict and rains likely to worsen spread. ICC/Genocide Probe Update: UN and ICC reporting highlighted new progress in investigations into RSF atrocities and alleged genocide links, keeping international pressure on accountability. Diplomacy & Regional Tension: Egypt and Türkiye urged de-escalation and renewed US-Iran negotiations, while also discussing Sudan and Libya in calls. Business & Health Imports: Sudan is pushing deeper ties with India’s pharma and healthcare sector, citing that Indian medicines already make up over half of Sudan’s pharmaceutical imports. Political Blueprint Leak: A document reportedly outlines a Burhan-led plan to manage Sudan through a military authority for five years before elections, sparking concerns about narrowing civilian space.

Chemical Weapons Pressure: The US demanded immediate international inspections over alleged Sudanese Armed Forces chemical weapons use, warning of consequences and urging full access for OPCW teams. Humanitarian Crisis: WHO says a new cholera outbreak in western Sudan has already killed at least 114 and could worsen with rains, as conflict and displacement block aid—especially around El Obeid. Rights and External Backing: Human Rights Watch and a European Parliament resolution both spotlight alleged UAE involvement in fueling the war, pointing to drone strikes and attacks on El Obeid infrastructure. Peace Talks Clash: Reuters reports Sudan’s army accepted a US-backed plan only if RSF fully withdraws from every city it occupies, rejecting limited pullouts. War’s Next Generation: Exiled Sudanese students describe “the lost generation,” saying the conflict has shut down education and erased futures. Regional Ripple: Saudi-UAE tensions are spilling into finance, with reports of blocked Saudi-to-UAE payments tied to rivalry that includes Sudan.

Sudan Peace Talks: The Sudanese army says it will only accept the US-backed plan if the RSF fully withdraws from every city it occupies since May 11, 2023, rejecting limited pullouts and keeping negotiations tied to a hardline demand. El Obeid Crisis: A European Parliament resolution highlights daily drone strikes and civilian harm in El Obeid, and for the first time names the UAE as fueling the war, intensifying pressure over external support. Genocide Probe Update: UN investigators released fresh survivor testimony from el-Fasher, reaffirming that RSF actions show “hallmarks of genocide,” with the mission citing a growing pool of interviews. Humanitarian Response: QRCS launched a week-long medical convoy in Sudan for 500 underprivileged patients, including urology and GI endoscopy surgeries, aiming to boost local capacity. US Political Pressure: Sen. Bernie Sanders renewed calls for US action over “civil war and genocide” in Sudan, alleging funding support from a major US ally.

Khartoum Returns, But Life Still Broken: Reuters reports that in the year since the Sudanese army retook Khartoum, more than 2 million of the city’s displaced people have returned, yet power outages, damaged buildings, and unpaid workers remain major hurdles. Peace Talks Stumble Over RSF Withdrawal: Reuters says the army is conditioning acceptance of a US proposal on the Rapid Support Forces leaving all cities they’ve occupied since May 11, 2023—an issue that has repeatedly blocked previous efforts. El Obeid Under Pressure: Rights groups and UN-linked reporting continue to flag escalating atrocities and siege conditions around El Obeid, as international calls grow for civilian protection and humanitarian access. Humanitarian Health Push: QRCS launched a week-long medical convoy in Sudan for urology and GI endoscopy surgeries, targeting 500 underprivileged patients with support from local hospitals and health authorities. War’s Economic Hit on Food: Xinhua highlights Sudan’s mango sector in crisis, with war disrupting transport and supply chains and causing major spoilage. Army Advances Near Borders: Coverage also notes Sudanese forces retaking Kurmuk from RSF near the Ethiopian border, signaling continued battlefield shifts. Sudan’s Mango Sector in Crisis: Xinhua details how war-driven logistics failures are pushing the industry toward collapse.